Organization Theory
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In this article, organization theory needs to be known. When purpose is the main concern for various social units, this is known as an organization. A theory seeks to predict or explain certain occurrences through the use of prepositions. Thus an organization theory refers to the manner which people behave when they are in their different scenarios. For many centuries, human beings have been living according to the existing organization theory. The latter has the ability of determining how people live in a society.
The classical organization theory came about during the 21st century. It makes use of different types of theories including; administrative, bureaucratic theories as well as the scientific management. There is no other theory which matches up to the classic organization theory. This theory is the founder of other existing theories and is considered being traditional. The classical organization is associated with four assumptions. They include; economic goals as well as production are meant to be accomplished by organizations. In order to ensure that production is organized, there is only one solution. Through division of labor and specialization maximization of production occurs. Lastly, economic principles which are rational are responsible for dictating the behavior of organizations and people.
B.In this article, in every organization there must be a leader who displays certain traits according to Socrates. Through acquiring the needed traits, the leaders will effectively run the organizations which they are in charge of. Socrates defends his argument using particular examples. Good leaders have the ability of ensuring the organizations they are in charge of , obtain resources in abundance. In turn, the resources should be used well and prudently by the leader. Good leaders are always emulated. This means that the behavior of other leaders is imitated by them. Good leaders have the ability of ensuring that competent people are involved in organizational matters. This means that the good leaders know the job which best suits different people in an organization. According to Socrates, good leaders have the ability of leading any organization. This means that there is no organization which can pose a challenge to them. Their leadership traits ensure that they lead ant type of organization effectively. I agree with Socrates on matters concerning leadership and organizations. There are many other characteristic which good leaders display such as being hardworking, charismatic, well informed. The list may never end as good leaders display many admirable qualities.
C.Assessment on ‘Division of Labor’
In the article, Adam Smith gives a definition – This definition is known as it is an example of a classical organization theory. There are two parts of this definition: (1) According to Smith, there has been an increase in production as a result of Division of Labor. Some countries have taken advantage of this to ensure that they become diversified. Industry is responsible for ensuring that some countries are extremely rich as compared to others. Most developing countries focus on agriculture which is not easily improved by division of labor. Smith wants to ensure that people are aware that the re why human beings are prosperous is because of division of labor. People tend to specialize in what they can do best and thus the reason for their success.
II. Smith has come up with evidence to support the claims about ‘division of labor’. The example of pin making is used to show how division of labor occurs as well as its benefits. In the business of making pins, one does not need to be educated in matters related to the trade. Those who prefer to make pins on their own, in day only one pin is made by them. There are many process involved in making a pin such as cutting, making the head, grinding the top, whitening, straightening, drawing .All these processes have to occur in pin making. There are a total of eighteen processes which have to be followed in order to obtain a pin. Most times either three of two people who can make pins using the same process. This people have the ability of making at least twelve pins in terms of pounds. This means that they are capable of producing 12000 pins if they have the right machinery. Ten men working in the same factory thus produce 48000 pins. This means that through division of labor, more work is done and the output is greater as compared to less people doing the same task.
III. Smith gives reasons why he believes that ‘division of Labor’ is essential. The outcome of the work done is in large quantities. This means that the work man’s dexterity is increased and in turn, more work is done. If a person specializes in a certain trade, they become extremely skilled to the point whereby they increase their speed as well as the quantity of work done. Smith gives an example of people who make nails for a living. Through division of labor, time is saved. This is because each person does what their meant to after they are through another person continues with the job. Smith gives an example of a weaver who works alone as compared to another with more people and tools. Lastly, Smith believes that the other advantage is that through the use of the right machinery, labor becomes facilitated. This means that division of labor is enhanced by use of effective machinery.
There are specific tasks in which production is increased by division of labor. Such as making pins, making nails and even weaving. There are those which production is not affected by division of labor such as people selling timber, miners, a charcoal burner, among others.
IV. Smith believes that ‘division of labor’ is beneficial in that more work is done; time spent on work is reduced as well as fabrication taking place. The reason for coming up with the notion on ‘division of labor ‘is to ensure that nations find ways to become extremely productive. Nations should focus on industry as it is able to benefit from division of labor. In order to support his arguments he has given examples which to show how division of labors occurs in various trades. Smith ensures that the premise is supported by evidence before he comes up with a conclusion. This is the reason why his argument is valid due to the evidence he gives. He does not make assumptions but that gives reasons in the form of examples.
In this article it is learnt that there is a need to ensure that nations become productive. Governments should ensure that they come up with polices which ensure that people work in harmony to achieve success. In relation to all that has been learnt in other lesson, knowledge of ‘division of labor ‘is beneficial. By working together productivity increases as well as time is saved, quantity increased and labor is enhanced. This article ‘division of labor’ is known and how it has contributed to the development of wealthy and great nations. The reason why this article stands out is because it focuses on how the behavior of human beings can be influence for the benefit of others. He is the reseaon why the classical organization theory exists. The behavior of wealthy nations is known thus an extremely interesting and informative article.
